Insects are animals that inhabit the earth and are ideal for living in environments that people can imagine. They can survive in extremely cold, desert and hot areas. They are arthropods, the largest of which compared to all animal species. They are dynamically adaptable and help them occupy all available habitats. The body of the insect is divided into three parts, the head, chest and abdomen, with different appendages for performing different functions. Although the body tissue looks simple, it is complicated in the detailed study. The head has a compound eye suitable for mosaic vision, and an antenna as a chemical sensor for detecting chemicals present in the environment. The head also has a mouth that is suitable for chewing, biting, sucking, grinding or piercing. The chest usually has a pair or two pairs of wings, which are called fore wings or hind wings. There are three pairs of legs in the chest that are suitable for walking, swimming, digging or digging depending on the habitat of the insect. Abdemn carries a reproductive structure that may be terminated by an ovipositor or stinging. All insects are placed in the Insecta, and according to the characteristics of the insect, the Insecta is further divided into a number of orders and subordinates.
Insects are very beneficial creatures because they maintain an ecological balance. Some are economically useful because they provide us with useful materials such as silk, honey or shellac. Some are notorious, their existence annoys us, some as a carrier of disease, and some are known to damage our crops, causing serious economic losses. Ladybug beetles are known as farmers' friends, but some people already know about the destruction of nightingales and gourds by pests. They are placed in the Coccinellidae and are present in the Coleoptera due to the definition of the fore wing, which commands the Coleoptera, thus providing protection to the fragile membranous hind wings. Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata is one of the most important pest species in the subfamily Epilachininae. It is commonly referred to as the 28 spotted ladybug or the Hadda beetle, formerly known as Epilachna vigintioctopunctata. It is known to destroy the leaves of potatoes and other allied plants, and its origins are far in eastern Russia. Members of the Epilachninae subfamily are very similar in size and appearance, habits and habitat, distribution and other aspects, and they always confuse researchers in literary and museum specimens.
The body of the hadda beetle is about 7 mm long, round, convex and shiny. The color of the beetle is reddish-brown, with 13 small spots on each elytron and a spot on each side of the chest. The beetle experienced complete metamorphosis. Life history of eggs, larvae, pupa and adults. Mature females after mating cluster the eggs under the leaves. Each egg group consists of 10 to 70 eggs, but the efficiency of female spawning depends to a large extent on the quantity and quality of the food. It is well known that food provides energy for important life activities. Compared to males, female anatomy and physiology are relatively complex because she must lay eggs, which will be responsible for the progress of the race. Eggs are about 1.5 mm long and are yellow and do not turn orange before hatching. According to climatic conditions, the eggs hatch for 4-5 days, forming tiny yellow larvae with thorns on their bodies. Each moulting becomes tough and conspicuous, and their exact function is to defend against enemies. The larvae feed on the epidermal tissue of the leaves of the host plant. The third and fourth instars are greedy feeders because they enter the phlegm under the pressure of their peers.
Leaves that are destroyed by larvae only show veins, so beetles are also known as leaf beetles. After reaching full growth, the fourth age entered the phlegm. The phlegm is yellowish brown with black spots and bristles at the back and a smooth front end. The flood season is also affected by climatic conditions, but under favorable conditions it is completed within 7-8 days. The emerging adults are very refined, the color is bright yellow, without any spots. Adults pull themselves out of the clam shell and then froze above it as their sheath and wings, which are easily attacked by enemies. The body mechanism began to work, and a few hours later, the sheath appeared on the coleoptera and began to harden. After the appearance of spots and sheath-wing sclerosis, the adults begin to feed the leaves of the host plant. Adults reach full sexual maturity in about 10 days, then begin mating and the life cycle continues again. Adults also know that winters hibernate in autumn leaves or other protected areas and do not reproduce, but as favorable conditions arise, replicas begin again.
They are distributed around the world but are believed to have originated in the Far East of Russia. Their products range from India, Pakistan, China, Japan, Southeast Asia and Oceania. In 2010, the hadda beetle was also obtained from New Zealand. The total damage caused by these pest beetles varies from region to region and may reach approximately 25%. There are a number of pest eradication programmes throughout the affected area to eradicate these programmes. A study conducted by Maurice and Kumar in 2011 found an alternative host plant for this beetle. They have documented spawning on weeds [Coccinia grandis] and the development of had had beetles and concluded that the weeds can be used as trapping crops to save economically important plants.
Orignal From: Henosepilachna Vigintioctopunctata: Hadda Beetle
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